J Endocrinol 2008,
PMID: 18372240
Souza, Kleber L A; Gurgul-Convey, Ewa; Elsner, Matthias; Lenzen, Sigurd
Pro-inflammatory cytokines cause beta-cell dysfunction and death. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between different pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and their effects on apoptotic beta-cell death pathways. Insulin-producing RINm5F cells were exposed to different combinations of cytokines. Gene expression analyses of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were performed by real-time RT-PCR. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay, NFkappaB activation using a SEAP reporter gene assay, protein expression by western blotting and caspase-3 activity using the DEVD cleavage method. IL-1beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and a combination of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines increased while IFNgamma alone did not affect NFkappaB activity and iNOS gene and protein expression. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 decreased IL-1beta-stimulated NFkappaB activation and iNOS expression. IL-1beta, TNFalpha and the pro-inflammatory cytokine combination also increased MnSOD gene and protein expression. But IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 did not affect MnSOD expression and did not modulate IL-1beta-stimulated MnSOD expression. Caspase-3 activity was increased by IL-1beta and the pro-inflammatory cytokine combination, and to a lesser extent by TNFalpha. In contrast, IFNgamma had no effect on caspase-3 activity. IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 decreased caspase-3 activity and increased viability of insulin-producing cells treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory cytokines counteracted the cytotoxic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in insulin-producing cells. This was achieved through the reduction of nitrosative stress. Thus, a balance between the anti-inflammatory and the pro-inflammatory cytokines is of crucial importance for the prevention of pancreatic beta-cell destruction.
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Text Mining Data
NFkappaB — IFNgamma: "
IL-1beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and a combination of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines increased while
IFNgamma alone did not
affect NFkappaB activity and iNOS gene and protein expression
"
NFkappaB → IL-1beta: "
Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 decreased IL-1beta stimulated NFkappaB activation and iNOS expression
"
iNOS → IL-1beta: "
Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 decreased IL-1beta stimulated NFkappaB activation and iNOS expression
"
TNFalpha → IL-1beta: "
Caspase-3 activity was increased by IL-1beta and the pro-inflammatory cytokine combination, and to a lesser extent by TNFalpha
"
Caspase-3 → TNFalpha: "
Caspase-3 activity was increased by IL-1beta and the pro-inflammatory cytokine combination, and to a lesser extent by TNFalpha
"
Caspase-3 → IL-1beta: "
Caspase-3 activity was increased by IL-1beta and the pro-inflammatory cytokine combination, and to a lesser extent by TNFalpha
"
caspase-3 → IFNgamma: "
In contrast, IFNgamma had no effect on caspase-3 activity
"
Manually curated Databases
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