◀ Back to CTNNB1
AXIN1 — CTNNB1
Pathways - manually collected, often from reviews:
-
OpenBEL Selventa BEL large corpus:
CTNNB1
→
Complex of AXIN1-GSK3B
(directlyDecreases, AXIN1/GSK3B Activity)
Evidence: This binding induces a conformational change in the complex, resulting in the inhibition of GSK3beta phosphorylation of beta -catenin
-
OpenBEL Selventa BEL large corpus:
CTNNB1
→
AXIN1
(increases, AXIN1 Activity)
Evidence: In many cancers, inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or Axin tumor suppressor proteins or activating mutations in beta-catenin lead to elevated beta-catenin levels, enhanced binding of beta-catenin to T cell factor (TCF) proteins, and increased expression of TCF-regulated genes
-
OpenBEL Selventa BEL large corpus:
CTNNB1
→
AXIN1
(decreases, CTNNB1 Activity)
Evidence: In many cancers, inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or Axin tumor suppressor proteins or activating mutations in beta-catenin lead to elevated beta-catenin levels, enhanced binding of beta-catenin to T cell factor (TCF) proteins, and increased expression of TCF-regulated genes
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
blood-coagulation factor xiva (PROC)
→
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
GSK3-beta (GSK3B)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
AXIN (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
DSH (DVL1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN (AXIN1)
→
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
FRAT1
→
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
(modification, inhibits)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
blood-coagulation factor xiva (PROC)
→
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
GSK3-beta (GSK3B)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
AXIN (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN (AXIN1)
→
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
→
AXIN (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
blood-coagulation factor xiva (PROC)
→
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
AXIN/APC/beta-catenin complex (AXIN1-PROC-CTNNB1)
→
AXIN (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
BioCarta multi-step regulation of transcription by pitx2:
beta-catenin (CTNNB1)
→
AXIN (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
KEGG Wnt signaling pathway:
AXIN1/AXIN2
→
CTNNB1
(protein-protein, binding/association)
-
KEGG Endometrial cancer:
Complex of APC-APC2-AXIN1-AXIN2-GSK3B
→
CTNNB1
(protein-protein, missing interaction)
-
NCI Pathway Database N-cadherin signaling events:
LRP5 (LRP5)
→
N-cadherin/p120 catenin/beta catenin/alpha catenin/LRP5/Axin1 complex (CDH2-CTNNB1-CTNNA1-LRP5-AXIN1-CTNND1)
(modification, collaborate)
Haÿ et al., Mol Cell Biol 2009
Evidence: physical interaction, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database N-cadherin signaling events:
Axin1 (AXIN1)
→
N-cadherin/p120 catenin/beta catenin/alpha catenin complex (CDH2-CTNND1-CTNNB1-CTNNA1)
(modification, collaborate)
Haÿ et al., Mol Cell Biol 2009
Evidence: physical interaction, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database N-cadherin signaling events:
Axin1 (AXIN1)
→
N-cadherin/p120 catenin/beta catenin/alpha catenin/LRP5/Axin1 complex (CDH2-CTNNB1-CTNNA1-LRP5-AXIN1-CTNND1)
(modification, collaborate)
Haÿ et al., Mol Cell Biol 2009
Evidence: physical interaction, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database N-cadherin signaling events:
N-cadherin/p120 catenin/beta catenin/alpha catenin complex (CDH2-CTNND1-CTNNB1-CTNNA1)
→
N-cadherin/p120 catenin/beta catenin/alpha catenin/LRP5/Axin1 complex (CDH2-CTNNB1-CTNNA1-LRP5-AXIN1-CTNND1)
(modification, collaborate)
Haÿ et al., Mol Cell Biol 2009
Evidence: physical interaction, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin/GSK3 complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
→
GSK3 (GSK3B/GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin/GSK3 complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
GSK3 (GSK3B/GSK3A)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
APC (APC)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
CK1 epsilon-CK1 delta-CK1 alpha (CSNK1E/CSNK1A1/CSNK1D)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype, assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
PP2A B56alpha (PPP2R5A)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Staal et al., EMBO Rep 2002, Zhang et al., J Biol Chem 2009
Evidence: assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Staal et al., EMBO Rep 2002, Zhang et al., J Biol Chem 2009
Evidence: assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
DVL1 (DVL1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, inhibits)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Gsk3beta (GSK3B)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
PP2A (PPP2R5D)
(modification, collaborate)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
APC (APC)
(modification, collaborate)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
Evidence: assay, other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
APC/beta catenin complex (APC-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Yamamoto et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Willert et al., Genes Dev 1999, Farr et al., J Cell Biol 2000, van Noort et al., J Biol Chem 2002, Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003, Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004, Liu et al., Curr Biol 2005, Su et al., Mol Cell 2008
Evidence: assay
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
APC/beta catenin complex (APC-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/GSK3 complex (AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Yamamoto et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Willert et al., Genes Dev 1999, Farr et al., J Cell Biol 2000, van Noort et al., J Biol Chem 2002, Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003, Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004, Liu et al., Curr Biol 2005, Su et al., Mol Cell 2008
Evidence: assay
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/GSK3 complex (AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Yamamoto et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Willert et al., Genes Dev 1999, Farr et al., J Cell Biol 2000, van Noort et al., J Biol Chem 2002, Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003, Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004, Liu et al., Curr Biol 2005, Su et al., Mol Cell 2008
Evidence: assay
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Gerstein et al., Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002*
Evidence: other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Gerstein et al., Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002*
Evidence: other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1 (AXIN1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Gerstein et al., Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002*
Evidence: other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
APC (APC)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Gerstein et al., Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002*
Evidence: other species
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Piedra et al., Mol Cell Biol 2003, Coluccia et al., EMBO J 2007
Evidence: physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC complex (APC-AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Piedra et al., Mol Cell Biol 2003, Coluccia et al., EMBO J 2007
Evidence: physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC complex (APC-AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Piedra et al., Mol Cell Biol 2003, Coluccia et al., EMBO J 2007
Evidence: physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, inhibits)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype, assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
CK1 epsilon-CK1 delta-CK1 alpha (CSNK1E/CSNK1A1/CSNK1D)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype, assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
CK1 epsilon-CK1 delta-CK1 alpha (CSNK1E/CSNK1A1/CSNK1D)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype, assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, inhibits)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype, assay, physical interaction
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
APC (APC)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Gsk3beta (GSK3B)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, activates)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
FRAT1 (FRAT1)
→
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
(modification, inhibits)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
Axin1 (AXIN1)
(modification, collaborate)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1)
→
APC (APC)
(modification, collaborate)
Dajani et al., EMBO J 2003
-
NCI Pathway Database Degradation of beta catenin:
Axin1/APC//beta catenin/GSK3 complex (AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Orford et al., J Biol Chem 1997, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: assay
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
APC (APC)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
beta catenin (CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
NCI Pathway Database Canonical Wnt signaling pathway:
Axin1/APC/GSK3/beta catenin complex (AXIN1-APC-GSK3B_GSK3A-CTNNB1)
→
WNT3A/LRP6/FZD5/DVL/Axin1/GSK3 complex (WNT3A-LRP6-FZD5-DVL3_DVL1_DVL2-AXIN1-GSK3B_GSK3A)
(modification, collaborate)
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Cong et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
Evidence: mutant phenotype
-
Reactome Reaction:
AXIN1
→
CTNNB1
(direct_complex)
Xing et al., Mol Cell 2004, Liu et al., J Mol Biol 2006
-
Reactome Reaction:
AXIN1
→
CTNNB1
(indirect_complex)
Willert et al., Genes Dev 1999, Jho et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999, Liu et al., Cell 2002, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Kimelman et al., Oncogene 2006*, Luo et al., EMBO J 2007, Su et al., Mol Cell 2008, MacDonald et al., Dev Cell 2009, Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
-
Reactome Reaction:
AXIN1
→
CTNNB1
(reaction)
Willert et al., Genes Dev 1999, Liu et al., Cell 2002, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Liu et al., J Mol Biol 2006, Luo et al., EMBO J 2007, Schwarz-Romond et al., Nature structural & molecular biology 2007, Bilic et al., Science 2007, Huang et al., Curr Opin Cell Biol 2008, Piao et al., PloS one 2008, Niehrs et al., Cell 2010, Taelman et al., Cell 2010, Schuldt et al., Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2011, Saito-Diaz et al., Growth Factors 2013
-
WikiPathways Regulation of Wnt/B-catenin Signaling by Small Molecule Compounds:
DVL2
→
Complex of AXIN1-TNKS-GSK3B-APC-CSNK1A1-CTNNB1
(activation)
Protein-Protein interactions - manually collected from original source literature:
Studies that report less than 10 interactions are marked with *
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Zhang et al., PloS one 2012*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Hocevar et al., EMBO J 2003*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Hino et al., Mol Cell Biol 2005*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Stoothoff et al., J Neurochem 2002*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Kim et al., FASEB J 2008*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Kitagawa et al., EMBO J 1999
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(direct interaction, pull down)
Kitagawa et al., EMBO J 1999
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Arnold et al., EMBO J 2009
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Godin et al., EMBO J 2010*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Sue Ng et al., Biol Chem 2010
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Tang et al., J Biol Chem 2008*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Yamamoto et al., Dev Cell 2006
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, affinity chromatography technology)
Fei et al., Mol Cell Biol 2013*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(direct interaction, pull down)
Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
IRef Biogrid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(direct interaction, two hybrid)
Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
MIPS CORUM Axin-PP2A A-PP2A C-GSK3-beta-beta-catenin complex:
Axin-PP2A A-PP2A C-GSK3-beta-beta-catenin complex complex (AXIN1-CTNNB1-GSK3B-PPP2R5A)
Gao et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002
-
MIPS CORUM APC-Axin-1-beta-catenin complex:
APC-Axin-1-beta-catenin complex complex (APC-AXIN1-CTNNB1)
Penman et al., J Cell Sci 2005
-
MIPS CORUM AXIN-APC-betaCatenin-GSK3B complex:
AXIN-APC-betaCatenin-GSK3B complex complex (APC-AXIN1-CTNNB1-GSK3B)
Hinoi et al., J Biol Chem 2000*
-
IRef Corum Interaction:
Complex of PPP2R5A-GSK3B-AXIN1-CTNNB1
(association, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation)
Gao et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002
-
IRef Corum Interaction:
Complex of CTNNB1-APC-AXIN1
(association, cosedimentation through density gradient)
Penman et al., J Cell Sci 2005
-
Gene Ontology Complexes beta-catenin destruction complex:
beta-catenin destruction complex complex (AXIN1-GSK3A-GSK3B-CTNNB1-CTNNBIP1-DACT1)
Penman et al., J Cell Sci 2005, Rayasam et al., Br J Pharmacol 2009, Huang et al., Nature 2009, Yuan et al., PloS one 2012, Rubinfeld et al., Science 1996, Hart et al., Curr Biol 1998
-
Gene Ontology Complexes protein complex:
protein complex complex (HSF1-TRMT112-HIST1H4A-UBQLN1-CDX2-USP28-HDAC5-CAV3-CANX-LHX1-TUBA3C-TUBA3E-PI4K2A-NR0B2-RYR2-NTRK1-MPP5-N6AMT1-STAP1-ZFP42-FADD-ATP6V0D1-PRKCDBP-AQP2-FNTB-PRPSAP2-WIPI2-CRB3-CRB2-PEX11A-LDB1-RBP4-TMEM102-GATA2-ADCY2-DZIP1-SYK-TUBB4B-PTPN11-KAT5-CEP290-SYP-ASF1B-PLEKHA2-KIF24-MYO5B-RGP1-CFTR-SPTBN5-VPS72-ACTA2-PRKCI-CNST-SNX4-GNAO1-NFKBIA-UBE2D2-EPB41-RAB5A-GLUL-BSND-GSK3B-SKI-XRCC6-PPM1E-TTR-TUBA1A-SUCLG1-TRIAP1-AKT1S1-MYD88-NPPB-GDF11-INCENP-PLCB3-BECN1-PRKAB1-SOD1-TUBB1-NPHS2-NPHS1-EPS8L1-GDI1-TUBB2A-TUBB2B-SUCLG2-PEX3-TUBAL3-ERLIN1-MAGED1-GCH1-TUBB-CPS1-MEF2C-ZNF703-SLC22A6-CPLX1-EIF4EBP1-TUBE1-FLNA-CD19-STX1A-HDAC2-TOMM40L-HDAC6-SMAD6-SMAD7-TLE6-SMAD2-PARD6B-STXBP1-ACR-TRPC1-PARD6A-TRPC4-PANX1-DCTN1-SOX9-PXMP2-BCR-SET-MALT1-BHMT-RILP-TRADD-HIST1H3A-MAPK1-PVALB-NFKB1-NUFIP1-ACVR2B-TAL1-FOXP3-SSX2IP-GNB2-SLC27A5-GOPC-PAX2-CXADR-AIF1L-APBA1-MYL12A-LMO2-ID2-CCDC113-DDOST-SPP2-GATAD2B-PLN-ERCC8-BIRC8-ASF1A-CAB39-BIRC3-BIRC2-CTNNB1-CORO1A-PRELID1-HAND2-CHAF1B-SCAP-GNAT3-CDC20-SMARCA4-IQGAP1-YWHAZ-CEBPA-PRPS2-AXIN1-XRCC5-YWHAQ-UVRAG-SLC51B-RGS4-RGS6-HTT-YWHAB-APCS-CDCA8-RIPK1-MTA2-SIN3A-ANXA1-NOS1-SNTA1-TRAF6-KPNB1-VCL-VCP-PTRF-PRKCZ-SKIL-RAB3A-KRIT1-SSBP3-PRPSAP1-PPP1CC-TAB1-MYO6-ACTL7A-TUBG2-MBD2-COL6A1-COL6A2-BCL3)
Helps et al., Biochem J 2000, Lauderdale et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000, Didichenko et al., FEBS Lett 2000, Koh et al., Curr Biol 2002, Fan et al., Mol Cell Biol 2002, Groisman et al., Cell 2003, Offenhäuser et al., Mol Biol Cell 2004, Tagami et al., Cell 2004, Doyon et al., Mol Cell Biol 2004, Moore et al., Genomics 2004, Sun et al., Mol Cell 2004, Zang et al., J Cell Biochem 2004, Tian et al., Cancer Res 2005, An et al., Biochemistry 2005, Mahajan et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005, Vader et al., EMBO Rep 2006, Yeh et al., J Biol Chem 2006, Li et al., Immunol Rev 2006, Agbas et al., Biochem J 2007, Swiatecka-Urban et al., J Biol Chem 2007, McKeegan et al., Mol Cell Biol 2007, Shono et al., J Am Soc Nephrol 2007, Popov et al., Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 2007, Sato et al., J Biol Chem 2008, Fitzgerald et al., J Biol Chem 2008, Lyssand et al., J Biol Chem 2008, Figaro et al., FEBS Lett 2008, Ueda et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008, Shimojo et al., J Biol Chem 2008, Costantini et al., Blood 2009, Mitsuishi et al., J Biol Chem 2010, Masuda et al., J Biol Chem 2010, Koch et al., J Cell Sci 2010, Boëda et al., J Biol Chem 2011, Sircoulomb et al., EMBO Mol Med 2011, Hoxhaj et al., J Cell Sci 2012, Uckun et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012, Pusapati et al., J Biol Chem 2012, Ghai et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013, Kelly et al., PLoS Biol 2013, Chiang et al., PloS one 2013, Dauphinee et al., J Immunol 2013, Potting et al., Cell Metab 2013, Ludwig et al., PLoS Biol 2013, Lee et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013, Kobayashi et al., J Cell Biol 2014, Zheng et al., Am J Physiol 1994, Kumar et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998, Watabe-Uchida et al., J Cell Biol 1998, Haft et al., Mol Cell Biol 1998
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(two hybrid)
Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(in vitro)
Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999, Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002, Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
Complex of CTNNB1-AXIN1-AXIN1-CTNNB1-CTNNB1-AXIN1
(in vivo)
Ikeda et al., EMBO J 1998
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
Complex of 109 proteins
(in vivo)
Kim et al., FEBS Lett 2007
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
Complex of 13 proteins
(in vivo)
Hino et al., Mol Cell Biol 2005*, Nakamura et al., Genes Cells 1998*
-
IRef Hprd Interaction:
Complex of CTNNB1-APC-AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1-AXIN1-AXIN1-APC-CTNNB1
(in vivo)
Ha et al., Mol Cell 2004
-
IRef Innatedb Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(unknown, -)
Park et al., Eur J Cell Biol 2007*
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Coluccia et al., EMBO J 2007
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation)
Coluccia et al., EMBO J 2007
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation)
Iioka et al., FEBS Lett 2009*
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(physical association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of GSK3B-AXIN1-PRMT1-CTNNB1
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Cha et al., Oncogene 2011*
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of GSK3B-AXIN1-CTNNB1-AMER1-APC
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of GSK3B-AXIN1-CTNNB1-FBXW11-GSK3B-AXIN1-CTNNB1-FBXW11
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of CTNNB1-AXIN1-PPM1A-DVL3
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Strovel et al., J Biol Chem 2000
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 11 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 16 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 19 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 16 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 12 proteins
(association, tandem affinity purification)
Varjosalo et al., Cell reports 2013
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 120 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Brazão et al., FEBS Lett 2012
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of CTNNB1-AXIN1-TFDP1
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Kim et al., EMBO J 2012*
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of AXIN1-GSK3B-CTNNB1
(association, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation)
Kim et al., EMBO J 2012*
-
IRef Intact Interaction:
Complex of 25 proteins
(association, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation)
Li et al., Cell 2012
-
IRef Ophid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(aggregation, interologs mapping)
Brown et al., Bioinformatics 2005
-
IRef Ophid Interaction:
CTNNB1
—
AXIN1
(aggregation, confirmational text mining)
Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999
Text-mined interactions from Literome
Kishida et al., Oncogene 1999
:
Axin prevents Wnt-3a induced accumulation of
beta-catenin
Yamamoto et al., J Biol Chem 1999
:
Axin forms a complex with glycogen synthase kinase-3beta ( GSK-3beta ) and beta-catenin and
promotes GSK-3beta dependent phosphorylation of
beta-catenin , thereby stimulating the degradation of beta-catenin
Kishida et al., Mol Cell Biol 1999
:
Although expression of
Axin in SW480 cells
caused the degradation of
beta-catenin and reduced the cell growth rate, expression of an Axin mutant that lacks the DIX domain did not affect the level of beta-catenin or the growth rate
Thomas et al., FEBS Lett 1999
:
The
Axin dependent phosphorylation of
beta-catenin catalysed by glycogen synthase kinase-3 ( GSK3 ) is inhibited during embryogenesis
Kodama et al., J Biol Chem 1999
:
Axin , a Wnt signal negative regulator,
enhances glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta dependent phosphorylation of
beta-catenin and stimulates the degradation of beta-catenin ... These results suggest that
Axin regulates the stability of plakoglobin by enhancing its phosphorylation by GSK-3beta and that Axin may
act on
beta-catenin and plakoglobin in similar manners
Kawahara et al., J Biol Chem 2000
:
Down-regulation of
beta-catenin by the colorectal tumor suppressor APC
requires association with
Axin and beta-catenin ... In the present study, we examined whether APC association with
Axin is
required for degradation of
beta-catenin
Spink et al., EMBO J 2000
:
In the absence of Wnt signal,
Axin and APC
regulate cytoplasmic levels of the proto-oncogene
beta-catenin through the formation of a large complex containing these three proteins, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta ( GSK3beta ) and several other proteins
von Kries et al., Nat Struct Biol 2000
:
Interactions between beta-catenin and LEF-1/TCF, APC and
conductin/axin are
essential for wnt controlled stabilization of
beta-catenin and transcriptional activation ... Moreover, we demonstrate that
conductin/axin binding to beta-catenin is
essential for
beta-catenin degradation, and that APC acts as a cofactor of conductin/axin in this process
Bax et al., Structure 2001
:
This inhibits the
Axin dependent phosphorylation of
beta-catenin by GSK-3
Amit et al., Genes Dev 2002
:
Axin mediated CKI phosphorylation of
beta-catenin at Ser 45 : a molecular switch for the Wnt pathway
Kusano et al., Mol Cell Biol 2002
:
This interaction inhibited
Axin mediated downregulation of free levels of cytosolic
beta-catenin
Cong et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004
:
Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of
Axin regulates subcellular localization of
beta-catenin
Ruiz et al., Dev Dyn 2004
:
Biochemical analysis revealed that such an increase in
betacatenin was
due to the disruption of
Axin/GSK3beta/betacatenin complexes promoted by the increased expression of Frat, the mouse homologue of GSK3betabinding protein ( GBP ), in epidermis, precluding the degradation of betacatenin
Hirabayashi et al., J Neurochem 2004
:
Thereby, S-SCAM inhibited the
Axin mediated phosphorylation of
beta-catenin by GSK3beta
Liu et al., Curr Biol 2005
:
In the `` canonical '' Wnt signaling pathway, Disheveled ( Dvl ) is required to functionally
inhibit the activity of the
GSK3beta/Axin complex and thereby stabilize
beta-catenin ... We conclude that rapid disruption of
GSK3beta/Axin interactions in response to Wnt leads to the initial stabilization of beta-catenin and that Galpha ( o ) and Galpha ( q ) signaling
contributes to Wnt mediated GSK3beta/Axin disruption and the ultimate stabilization of
beta-catenin
Carayol et al., Cell Signal 2006
:
Here we report that IKKalpha could inhibit
beta-catenin degradation
mediated not only by the
Axin/APC/GSK-3beta complex, but also by the Siah-1 pathway
Yang et al., J Biol Chem 2006
(Adenomatous Polyposis Coli...) :
APC binds
beta-catenin and is
involved in the
Axin complex, suggesting that APC regulates beta-catenin phosphorylation
Kofron et al., Development 2007
:
Wnt11/beta-catenin signaling in both oocytes and early embryos
acts through LRP6 mediated regulation of
axin
Kikuchi et al., Cancer Sci 2008
(Neoplasms) :
The significance of Wnt signaling in human cancer has been elucidated by the identification of mutations in genes coding for the
beta-catenin dependent pathway components, adenomatous polyposis coli gene product, beta-catenin, and
Axin
Haÿ et al., Mol Cell Biol 2009
:
These data indicate that a previously unrecognized
N-cadherin-axin-LRP5 interaction negatively
regulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and is critical in the regulation of osteoblast function, bone formation, and bone mass
Salisbury et al., Mol Endocrinol 2009
:
Overexpression of
AXIN , an
inhibitor of
beta-catenin , also reduces GnRH stimulation of TOPflash
Wu et al., PloS one 2009
:
In this study, we reconstituted
Axin dependent
beta-catenin phosphorylation by GSK3 and CK1 in vitro using recombinant proteins, and found that the phosphorylated PPPSPXS peptides directly inhibit beta-catenin phosphorylation by GSK3 in a sequence and phosphorylation dependent manner
Qu et al., Nat Cell Biol 2010
:
Wnt7a and active beta-catenin promote neural stem cell self-renewal, whereas the deletion of Wnt7a or the lentiviral transduction of
axin , a
beta-catenin inhibitor , led to decreased cell proliferation in adult neurogenic areas
Sakanaka et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998
:
In mammalian cells,
Axin inhibits Wnt-1 stimulation of
beta-catenin/lymphoid enhancer factor 1-dependent transcription
Kishida et al., J Biol Chem 1998
:
Furthermore,
Axin stimulated the degradation of
beta-catenin in COS cells ... Taken together with our recent observations that
Axin directly interacts with glycogen synthase kinase-3beta ( GSK-3beta ) and beta-catenin and that it
promotes GSK-3beta dependent phosphorylation of
beta-catenin , these results suggest that Axin, APC, GSK-3beta, and beta-catenin make a tetrameric complex, resulting in the regulation of the stabilization of beta-catenin
Hart et al., Curr Biol 1998
(Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) :
Overexpression of
hAxin strongly
promoted the downregulation of wild-type
beta-catenin in colon cancer cells, whereas mutant oncogenic beta-catenin was unaffected