Layne et al., Exp Cell Res 1999
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and basic fibroblast growth factor differentially inhibit the insulin-like growth factor-I induced expression of myogenin in C2C12 myoblasts ... These results indicate that both TNF-alpha and bFGF inhibit myogenin expression but differentially influence myoblast proliferation
Strle et al., Endocrinology 2004
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We recently established that TNFalpha impairs the ability of IGF-I to increase protein synthesis and promote expression of myogenin in myoblasts
Strle et al., J Neuroimmunol 2007
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We found that IL-10 restores myogenesis by suppressing the ability of exogenous TNFalpha to inhibit IGF-I induced myogenin Szalay et al., Eur J Cell Biol 1997
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In contrast, TNF strongly inhibited the expression of those myogenic transcription factors ( myoD and myogenin ), which are known to be responsible for upregulated activity of muscle specific genes ( like the genes of the myofilament proteins ), and blocked the synthesis of mRNAs of myogenic differentiation markers ( like skeletal alpha-actin, myosin heavy and light chains )